Introduction

We have learned that the angle sum of a triangle is $latex 180^\circ$. We have also learned that  the angle sum of a quadrilateral is $latex 360^\circ$. In getting the angle sum of quadrilaterals, we divided the quadrilateral into two triangles by drawing a diagonal. In this post, we use this method to find the angle sum of the pentagon and other polygons.

Let us extend the method stated above to pentagon (5-sided polygon). Clearly, we can divide the pentagon into three non-overlapping triangles by drawing two diagonals. Since each triangle has an angle sum of $latex 180^\circ$, the angle sum of a pentagon, which is composed of three triangles, is $latex 540^\circ$.

Using the method above, we can see the pattern on the table below. The sum of a polygon with $latex n$ sides is $latex 180(n-2)$ degrees. Next, we summarize the polygon angle sum theorem and prove it.

Theorem

The angle sum of a polygon with $latex n$ sides is 180(n-2) degrees.

Proof

A polygon with $latex n$ sides can be divided into $latex n – 2$ triangles. Since the angle sum of a triangle is $latex 180^\circ$, the angle sum of a polygon is $latex 180^\circ (n-2)$.

Exercise

In the proof above, we have only considered the angle sum of a convex polygons. Does this theorem also hold on non-convex polygons? Explain your answer.